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The Port of Liverpool is the enclosed dock system that runs from Brunswick Dock in Liverpool to Seaforth Dock, Seaforth, on the east side of the River Mersey and the Birkenhead Docks between Birkenhead and Wallasey on the west side of the river. The port is being extended by the building of an in-river container terminal at Seaforth Dock, name Liverpool2. The terminal will berth two 14,000 container Post-Panamax ships. The terminal is scheduled to be opened simultaneously with the widening of the Panama Canal locks in early 2016. Garston Docks, which are in the city of Liverpool, are not a part of the Port of Liverpool. The working docks are operated by Mersey Docks and Harbour Company, the docks to the south of the Pier Head are operated by the Canal & River Trust, the successor to former operator British Waterways. ==History == Liverpool's first dock was the world's first enclosed commercial dock, the Old Dock, built in 1715. The Lyver Pool, a tidal inlet in the narrows of the estuary, which is now largely under the Liverpool One shopping centre, was converted into the enclosed dock. Further docks were added and eventually all were interconnected by lock gates, extending along the Liverpool bank of the River Mersey. From 1830 onwards, most of the building stone was granite from Kirkmabreck near Creetown, Scotland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kirkmabreck Quarry - The History )〕 The interconnected dock system was the most advanced port system in the world. The docks enabled ship movements within the dock system 24 hours a day, isolated from the high River Mersey tides. Parts of the system are now a World Heritage Site.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City )〕 From 1885 the dock system was the hub of a hydraulic power network that stretched beyond the docks. Most of the smaller south end docks were closed in 1971 with Brunswick Dock remaining until closure in 1975. Many docks have been filled in to create land for buildings: at the Pier Head, an arena at Kings Dock, commercial estates at Toxteth and Harrington Docks and housing at Herculaneum Dock. In the north, some branch docks have been filled in to create land. Sandon and Wellington Docks have been filled in and are now the location of a sewage works. Most of Hornby Dock was filled in to allow Gladstone Dock's coal terminal to expand. The largest dock on the dock network, Seaforth Dock, was opened in 1972 and deals with grain and containers, accommodating what were the largest containers ships at that time. Both White Star Line and Cunard Line were based at the port. It was also the home port of many great ships, including RMS ''Baltic'' and the ill-starred ''Tayleur'', MV ''Derbyshire'', HMHS ''Britannic'', RMS ''Lusitania'' and the RMS ''Titanic''. In 1972 Canadian Pacific unit CP Ships were the last transatlantic line to operate from Liverpool. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Port of Liverpool」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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